[英国]华兹华斯顾子欣译
我好似一朵孤独的流云，
高高地飘游在山谷之上，
突然我看到一大片鲜花，
是金色的水仙遍地开放。
它们开在湖畔，开在树下
它们随风嬉舞，随风飘荡。
它们密集如银河的星星，
像群星在闪烁一片晶莹；
它们沿着海湾向前伸展，
通向远方仿佛无穷无尽；
一眼看去就有千朵万朵，
万花摇首舞得多么高兴。
粼粼湖波也在近旁欢跳，
却不知这水仙舞得轻俏；
诗人遇见这快乐的伙伴，
又怎能不感到欢欣雀跃；
我久久凝视--却未能领悟
这景象所给带给我的精神至宝。
后来多少次我郁郁独卧，
感到百无聊赖心灵空漠；
这景象便在脑海中闪现，
多少次安慰过我的寂寞；
我的心又随水仙跳起舞来，
我的心又重新充满了欢乐。
赏析
这首诗写于诗人从法国回来不久。诗人带着对自由的向往去了法国，参加一些革命活动。但法国革命没有带来预期的结果，随之而来的是混乱。诗人的失望和受的打击是可想而知的，后来在他的朋友和妹妹的帮助下，情绪才得以艰难地恢复。这首诗就写于诗人的心情平静之后不久。
在诗的开头，诗人将自己比喻为一朵孤独的流云，孤单地在高高的天空飘荡。孤傲的诗人发现一大片金色的水仙，它们欢快地遍地开放。在诗人的心中，水仙已经不是一种植物了，而是一种象征，代表了一种灵魂，代表了一种精神。
水仙很多，如天上的星星，都在闪烁。水仙似乎是动的，沿着弯屈的海岸线向前方伸展。诗人为有这样的旅伴而欢欣鼓舞、欢呼跳跃。在诗人的心中，水仙代表了自然的精华，是自然心灵的美妙表现。但是，欢快的水仙并不能时时伴在诗人的身边，诗人离开了水仙，心中不时冒出忧郁孤寂的情绪。这时诗人写出了一种对社会、世界的感受：那高傲、纯洁的灵魂在现实的世界只能郁郁寡欢。当然，诗人的脑海深处会不时浮现水仙那美妙的景象，这时的诗人双情绪振奋，欢欣鼓舞。
诗歌的基调是浪漫的，同时带着浓烈的象征主义色彩。可以说，诗人的一生只在自然中找到了寄托。
英文版
“IWanderedLonelyasaCloud”waswrittenbyWilliamWordsworth,therepresentativepoetoftheearlyromanticism.Asagreatpoetofnature,WilliamWordsworthwasthefirsttofindwordsforthemostelementarysensationsofmanfacetofacewithnaturalphenomena.Thesesensationsareuniversalandoldbut,onceexpressedinhispoetry,becomecharminglybeautifulandnew.Hisdeeplovefornaturerunsthroughshortlyricssuchas“IWanderedLonelyasaCloud”
IWanderedLonelyasaCloud
Iwanderedlonelyasacloud
Thatfloatsonhigho’ervalesandhills,
WhenallatonceIsawacrowd,
Ahost,ofgoldendaffodils;
Besidethelake,beneaththetrees,
Flutteringanddancinginthebreeze.
Continuousasthestarsthatshine
Andtwinkleonthemilkyway,
Theystretchedinnever-endingline
Alongthemarginofabay:
TenthousandsawIataglance,
Tossingtheirheadsinsprightlydance.
Thewavesbesidethemdanced;butthey
Out-didthesparklingwavesinglee:
Apoetcouldnotbutbegay,
Insuchajocundcompany:
Igazed---andgazed---butlittlethought
Whatwealththeshowtomehadbrought:
Foroft,whenonmycouchIlie
Invacantorinpensivemood,
Theyflashuponthatinwardeye
Whichistheblissofsolitude;
Andthenmyheartwithpleasurefills,
Anddanceswiththedaffodils.
“IWanderedLonelyasaCloud”isapoemaboutnature.Withhispureandpoeticlanguage,Wordsworthbringsusintoabeautifulworldwheretherearedaffodils,treesandbreeze.Wefollowthepoetateveryturnofhisfeelings.Wesharehismelancholywhenhe“wanderedlonelyasacloud”andhisdelightthemomenthisheart“withpleasurefills”.Wecometorealizethegreatpowerofnaturethatmayinfluenceourlifedeeplyasrevealedinthepoem.
EdgarAllanPoeoncedescribedpoetryas“music…combinedwithapleasureidea”.Inthepoem“IWanderedLonelyasaCloud”,thepoetalsomakesgreatuseofthe“music”ofthelanguagetoachievesoundbeautyinadditiontoconveymeaning.Heemploysmasculinerhymein“a,b,a,b,c,c”patterntoreceiveemphasisasamusicaleffect.(e.g.“cloud”(a),“hills”(b),“crowd”(a),“daffodils”(b),“trees”(c),“breeze”(c)instanza1).Healsoachievesmusicalqualitybythemanagementofalliteration(e.g.“Thatfloatsonhigho’ervalesandhills”inline2and“Besidethelake,beneaththetrees”inline5)andassonance(e.g.“beneaththetreesinline5”and“Theystretchedinnever-endingline”inline9)andconsonance(e.g.“valesandhills”inline2).Besidestherepetitionofsounds,thepoetalsomakeshispoemastrongappealforusinlanguagethatisrhythmical.Hearrangeshispoeminlinesofiambictetrameterinthemainwithalternationofiambictrimeter.
(e.g.Iwanderedlonelyasacloud
Thatfloatsonhigho’ervalesandhills
WhenallatonceIsawacrowd
Ahost,ofgoldendaffodils
Besidethelake,beneaththetrees
Flutteringanddancinginthebreeze)
Hesloweddownthetempoinline4tokeepinaccordancewithhisbatedbreaththemomentheglimpsesatahostofgoldendaffodilsthusconveytousthepoet’sintoxicationinthefaceofnature.Withallthesemusicaldevices,Wordsworthsecuresasonglikeeffectofhispoeminadditiontocommunicatehisemotionandmeaning.
Anoldsayinggoes“Therearepicturesinpoetryandpoetryinpictures”.ItfindsitsmosteloquentexamplesinmostoftheChineseTangpoemsthatpresentthereaderswithbeautifulpictures.Inthepoem“IWanderedLonelyasaCloud”,thepoetalsoseekstoexpresshisemotionsbyprovidingthesenseimpressionshehasthroughimagery.Hedepictsapictureinwhich“ahostofgoldendaffodils(visualimagery)flutteringanddancinginthebreeze”(kinaestheticimagery)sovividlythatitappealsrichlytooursensesandtoourimagination.
Wordsworth,inthepoem,alsoemploysfigurativelanguagetoevokenotonlythevisualeffectbutalsotheemotionalresponse.(e.g.inline1,thepoetmakesacomparisonbetween“Iwanderedlonely”and“acloud”bytheuseofsimile,thusconveytoushislonelyandmelancholymoodwiththeimageof“cloud”.Inline7,healsoamplifiesthevisualeffectbytheuseofanothersimile“Continuousasthestarsthatshine…”toevokeoursenseof“daffodils”withtheimageof“stars”twinklingonthemilkywaywhichisfamiliartousall.Hegoesfurthertoimpressuswiththeimageofcountlessdaffodilswithanoverstatementinline9“Theystretchedinnever-endingline”).Besides,naturalthingsarealsoendowedwithhumanbeing’scharactersbythepoet’ssubtleuseofpersonification.(e.g.“Tossingtheirheadsinsprightlydance”“Thewavesbesidethemdanced”)therefore,aswereadthepoem,webecomeawareofthepoet’sdeeplovetowardnaturethroughhislovelyandvividdescriptionaboutnaturalthingswithhisfigurativelanguage.
What’smore,Wordsworthgoesfurthertocommunicatehisemotionandmeaningbyhisthoughtfultone.Thechooseoftheword“lonely”in“Iwanderedlonelyasacloud”insteadofotherwordslikecarefree,leisureorjollyconveytousthepoet’sdepressionanddisconsolatenessattheverybeginning.Butashecatchessightofdaffodilsstretchingasfarastheeyescanseeandfindshimselfinthemidstofnature,hislonelinessturnsintorelaxationandjoy.Thustheshiftofthepoet’smoodfromsadnesstohappinessmanifeststhetheme---thegreatinfluenceofnatureuponhumanbeing.